Development characteristics and trend of China's Electronic Manufacturing Industry in 2021
Development characteristics and trend of China's Electronic Manufacturing Industry in 2021.
The electronic manufacturing industry is an important strategic industry of chinese economy, with the characteristics of large industrial scale, rapid technological progress and strong industrial relevance, and is one of the important engines of economic growth in our country. After decades of development, china's electronic manufacturing industry shows the following characteristics and trends.
The product category of electronic manufacturing industry is more and more extensive.
Traditional electronic manufacturing industry products include 3C products, metal and plastic parts for machine assembly, as well as automotive electronics, medical devices, instruments and other fields. Among them, the consumer electronic products in 3C include air conditioners, televisions, washing machines, DVD players, digital cameras and other products, communication electronic products include communication equipment, network equipment, telephones, mobile phones and other products, and computer electronic products include desktop computers, notebook computers, servers, peripherals and other products.
On the basis of traditional business, a significant development trend of the electronic manufacturing industry is that the integration cross-border trend is becoming more and more obvious. On the one hand, integrated innovation characterized by cross-integration has gradually become the mainstream. For example, the accelerated development of big data, virtual reality and artificial intelligence all rely on not only the innovative breakthroughs of single point technology, single product or single link, but also the innovative achievements of a variety of technologies, such as computing technology, communication technology, network technology, perceptual technology, display technology and so on. On the other hand, cross-domain innovation characterized by osmotic radiation has become increasingly prominent. In recent years, the cross-penetration of information technology and manufacturing, materials, energy and other technologies has been deepening day by day. While promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, a large number of new models, new business type and new industries have been cultivated. For example, intelligent robot is one of the hot areas of emerging industries in the world. While traditional leading robot enterprises have stepped up research and development, many information technology enterprises, such as Google, Microsoft, Intel, as well as Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba in China, have entered this field across the border through independent research and development, mergers and acquisitions and other means.
Three main enterprises in electronic manufacturing industry.
The characteristics and development trend of business model:
The business chain of the electronic manufacturing industry includes different links, such as technology research and development, product design, manufacturing, marketing, sales, service and so on. Different enterprises have different division of labor in the business chain. Generally speaking, the division of labor according to the business chain mainly includes three main business models.
1. OBM:Original Brand Manufacturer, own-brand manufacturers, such as Huawei, IBM, Lenovo and other brand manufacturers, OBM occupies all aspects of the value chain.
2. EMS:Electronics Manufacturing Sevices, electronic manufacturing services, EMS providers refer to the manufacturers who provide manufacturing services to their own brand manufacturers, which occupy the production and manufacturing links, and there are also some design and service links.
3. ODM:Original Design Manufacturer, original design manufacturer, refers to Quanta (Quanta), Compal (Compal) and other manufacturers who both design and manufacture products, occupy the design and manufacturing links, and have a strong product research and development capability.
In the process of the dual trend of vertical integration and horizontal division of labor in the global electronics industry, OBM brands gradually regard design, marketing and brand management as the core of their competition, while outsourcing manufacturing to EMS or ODM. The division of labor among the three industries is also affected by a number of other factors:
First of all, the development cycle of new electronic products is shortened and the price changes dramatically. Through the advanced production technology and cost control ability of EMS service providers, OBM brands can develop and produce high-quality and reasonably priced goods in a short period of time, speed up the launch of new goods and increase their market share.
Secondly, by outsourcing the manufacturing process to professional EMS service providers, brands can better achieve order-to-order production (BTO,Built to Order) and order-to-order (CTO,Customize to Order)) and other production modes to meet the different needs of global consumers.
Third, through the cooperation with EMS service providers, OBM brands effectively achieve functional separation and risk sharing, in order to concentrate resources on the core aspects such as Redd and marketing, and improve the return on capital and competitiveness.
OBM (consignor) is the customer of ODM and EMS providers, which together constitute the value chain system of the whole electronic manufacturing industry. OBM manufacturers (consignors) use their own "key core technologies" to design and develop new products, control sales "channels" and market operations, hand over specific processing business to EMS manufacturers, and even outsource R & D, product design and manufacturing to ODM or EMS manufacturers. OBM, ODM and EMS providers constitute the manufacturing system of the whole electronics industry, and each of them presents different characteristics and development trends.
1. OBM is the mainstream pulling force of electronic manufacturing, more than half of the products are made by OBM, and the rest are provided by EMS providers and ODM. In order to provide competitiveness and focus on the construction of core competitiveness, major OBM manufacturers have outsourced manufacturing and other links to varying degrees.
2. EMS providers expand rapidly through the acquisition of OBM factories or other EMS providers, and the industry concentration increases year by year. Through capital operation, mergers and acquisitions are the main ways for EMS providers to expand their scale and obtain customer relationships. From 2014 to 2016, the total operating income of the top 10 EMS enterprises in the world increased from 52.67% to 57.68% of the total EMS market revenue. Hon Hai Precision is the largest EMS enterprise in the world, accounting for 31.81% of the total operating income from 30.22%.
3. ODM is concentrated in Taiwan, and its products are mainly concentrated in computers and their peripherals, mobile phones and so on. Taiwan enterprises have strong product capabilities. Taiwan enterprises cut into the IT industry from the manufacturing link to assemble and manufacture OBM in the United States and other developed regions. after the improvement of manufacturing capacity, they actively develop product design and R & D capabilities, but are limited by the local market capacity.
